Kryptonian Possessives: Familial Possessives
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Showing Family Relationships

For better understanding, it is recommended that you read this page after the page on Honorifics.

Sentient Beings

To indicate familial relationship, e.g., "my mom," "your dad," "his sister," etc., for a sentient being, one applies the appropriate honorific to the family word as can be seen in the following examples. The possessor is implied.

The Basics

Translation     Gloss: Open Pop-up
.nan 
.nahn /
[ nɑn ]
is
C 
/ zhehd /
[ ʒɛd ]
Pron. (3rd Neut.)
W 
/ w /
[ wə ]
[Obj]
IEIu 
/ ieiu /
[ je.ju ]
mother
She* is a mother.
.nan 
.nahn /
[ nɑn ]
is
C 
/ zhehd /
[ ʒɛd ]
Pron. (3rd Neut.)
W 
/ w /
[ wə ]
[Obj]
IEIu,H 
/ ieiu,te /
[ je.ju te ]
mother Hon. (1st. Fam.)
She* is my mother.
.nan 
.nahn /
[ nɑn ]
is
C 
/ zhehd /
[ ʒɛd ]
Pron. (3rd Neut.)
W 
/ w /
[ wə ]
[Obj]
IEIu,J 
/ ieiu,kah /
[ je.ju kɑ ]
mother Hon. (1st. Plur. Fam.)
She* is our mother.
.nan 
.nahn /
[ nɑn ]
is
C 
/ zhehd /
[ ʒɛd ]
Pron. (3rd Neut.)
W 
/ w /
[ wə ]
[Obj]
IEIu,N 
/ ieiu,ni /
[ je.ju ni ]
mother Hon. (2nd. Fam.)
She* is your mother.
.nan 
.nahn /
[ nɑn ]
is
C 
/ zhehd /
[ ʒɛd ]
Pron. (3rd Neut.)
W 
/ w /
[ wə ]
[Obj]
IEIu,B 
/ ieiu,cheh /
[ je.ju ʧɛ ]
mother Hon. (3rd. Fam.)
She* is their mother.

With Names

Names also take these honorifics when a family relationship is being emphasized or acknowledged.

With Names

Translation     Gloss: Open Pop-up
.nan 
.nahn /
[ nɑn ]
is
C 
/ zhehd /
[ ʒɛd ]
Pron. (3rd Neut.)
W 
/ w /
[ wə ]
[Obj]
,sAli,H 
,sali,te /
[ sæ.li te ]
Sally Hon. (1st. Fam.)
She* is [my relation] Sally.
.nan 
.nahn /
[ nɑn ]
is
C 
/ zhehd /
[ ʒɛd ]
Pron. (3rd Neut.)
W 
/ w /
[ wə ]
[Obj]
,sAli,N 
,sali,ni /
[ sæ.li ni ]
Sally Hon. (2nd. Fam.)
She* is [your relation] Sally.

Explicit Possessors

An explicitely named possessor simply precedes the honored noun in the sentence. The family relationship can be implicit when naming both possessee and possessor, or it can be explicit by stating the relationship after the honorific.

Explicit Possessors

Translation     Gloss: Open Pop-up
.nan 
.nahn /
[ nɑn ]
is
C 
/ zhehd /
[ ʒɛd ]
Pron. (3rd Neut.)
W 
/ w /
[ wə ]
[Obj]
C 
/ zhehd /
[ ʒɛd ]
Pron. (3rd Neut.)
IEIu,B 
/ ieiu,cheh /
[ je.ju ʧɛ ]
mother Hon. (3rd. Fam.)
She* is his* mother.
.nan 
.nahn /
[ nɑn ]
is
C 
/ zhehd /
[ ʒɛd ]
Pron. (3rd Neut.)
W 
/ w /
[ wə ]
[Obj]
,jan, 
,jahn, /
[ ʤɑn ]
John
IEIu,B 
/ ieiu,cheh /
[ je.ju ʧɛ ]
mother Hon. (3rd. Fam.)
She* is John's mother.
.nan 
.nahn /
[ nɑn ]
is
C 
/ zhehd /
[ ʒɛd ]
Pron. (3rd Neut.)
W 
/ w /
[ wə ]
[Obj]
,jan, 
,jahn, /
[ ʤɑn ]
John
,sAli,B 
,sali,cheh /
[ sæ.li ʧɛ ]
Sally Hon. (3rd. Fam.)
She* is John's [family member] Sally.
.nan 
.nahn /
[ nɑn ]
is
C 
/ zhehd /
[ ʒɛd ]
Pron. (3rd Neut.)
W 
/ w /
[ wə ]
[Obj]
,jan, 
,jahn, /
[ ʤɑn ]
John
,sAli,B 
,sali,cheh /
[ sæ.li ʧɛ ]
Sally Hon. (3rd. Fam.)
IEIu 
/ ieiu /
[ je.ju ]
mother
She* is John's mother, Sally.

If you are naming the possessor, do not forget to still add the honorific title! Failing to add it can be very insulting.

Non-Sentient Beings

Since honorifics don't apply to non-sentient beings, these types of possessives always take the form of a familial possessive with a named possessor--minus the honorofic, of course. In fact, this is the very reason that leaving off the honorific in the above examples would be so insulting—it is essentially calling both members represented in the utterance an animal or worse.

Non-Sentients

Translation     Gloss: Open Pop-up
.nan 
.nahn /
[ nɑn ]
is
F 
/ ghao /
[ ʝa͡ʊ ]
Pron. (3rd Neut. Non-sentient)
W 
/ w /
[ wə ]
[Obj]
F 
/ ghao /
[ ʝa͡ʊ ]
Pron. (3rd Neut. Non-sentient)
IEIu 
/ ieiu /
[ je.ju ]
mother
She is its mother.
nan 
/   /
[ nɑn ]
is
F 
/   /
[ ʝa͡ʊ ]
Pron. (3rd Neut. Non-sentient)
W 
/   /
[ wə ]
[Obj]
,spat, 
/   /
[ spɑt ]
Spot
IEIu 
/   /
[ je.ju ]
mother
She is Spot's mother.

Putting it all together...

I am assuming you have now read the Alienable and Inalienable possessives pages in addition to this one. If so, here is a little example sentence that contains every type of possessive. Enjoy!

Example: Every Possessive—One Sentence

Translation     Gloss: Open Pop-up
.nan 
.nahn /
[ nɑn ]
is
gEmzet 
/ gemzeht /
[ gem.zɛt ]
today
W 
/ w /
[ wə ]
[Obj]
,jan, 
,jahn, /
[ ʤɑn ]
John
,sAli,B 
,sali,cheh /
[ sæ.li ʧɛ ]
Sally Hon. (3rd. Fam.)
IEiu 
/ ieiu /
[ je.ju ]
mother
CV 
/ zhehdiv /
[ ʒɛ.div ]
Poss. (3rd Neut.)
fun 
/ fun /
[ fun ]
dog
ukr 
/ ukr /
[ u.kɹ̩ ]
father
i 
/ i /
[ i ]
Poss.
:zet 
/ :zeht /
[ n̩.zɛt ]
day
gAvRigIed 
/ gavrrigiehd /
[ gæv.rig.jɛd ]
birth+[Noun]
Today is John's mother, Sally's, dog's father's birthday.